Cancer Metastasis & Adhesion Group
Short Bio:
Dr. Gkretsi is an Associate Professor of Cellular and Molecular Pathology at the Department of Life Sciences of the European University Cyprus and currently serves as the coordinator of the Biomedical Sciences Program. She received her Diploma in Biology from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece in 2001 and her Ph.D in Cellular and Molecular Pathology from the University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, USA in 2006. Following completion of her Ph.D, she worked as post-doctoral fellow under the Marie Curie ITN program at the BSRC Al. Fleming in Athens, Greece. In 2009 she was elected Researcher D at the Center for Research & Technology-Thessaly (CE.RE.TE.TH), Larissa, Greece and was promoted to Researcher C (Research Assistant Professor) in 2012 in the same institution (now CE.R.T.H-Centre for Research & Technology-Hellas). She acquired funding from Greek EU funded programs and was the recipient of the prestigious European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Sheila Sherlock fellowship award 2012. During 2010-2014, she served as a visiting lecturer at the University of Thessaly Medical School in Greece while from 2014-2017 she worked as a senior scientist in the Cancer Biophysics Lab of the University of Cyprus. In total, she has published 45 papers in peer reviewed international scientific journals and her work has received over 1100 citations (1166 by Scopus and 1692 by Google scholar) with an h index of 18 (Scopus) and 22 (Google scholar), respectively. She has presented her work in 11 poster and 16 oral presentations in international scientific conferences while she also serves as reviewer in 26 scientific journals and as an Editorial Board member in four (4). Dr. Gkretsi is currently the head of the “Cancer Metastasis and Adhesion“ research group of the newly founded Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center . Her current research is focusing on the study of the role of extracellular matrix (ECM), integrin-proximal protein complexes, cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton in basic cellular processes related to cancer progression and metastasis. In an attempt to better approximate the real tumor setting and microenvironment both two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cell culture models are used. 3D models include culturing cancer cells or tumor spheroids in collagen gels. The ultimate goal is the determination of the molecular mechanism driving cancer cell metastasis in relation to ECM and the identification of novel potential metastasis biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets.
Research focus:
As cancer-associated mortality is mainly due to cancer cell metastasis and not due to the primary tumor itself, our research is focusing on understanding the process of metastasis at the cellular and molecular level, identifying the key molecular players and determining potential metastasis-biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In fact, we are especially interested in the involvement of integrin-proximal protein complexes, extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton in basic cellular processes implicated in cancer cell metastasis, such as proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration and invasion of surrounding tissues. Additionally, understanding the connection between inflammation and the tumor microenvironment and how this can affect cancer cell metastasis is also within our research interests. To that regard, a combination of cellular and molecular techniques is being utilized using both two dimensional (2D) and 3D in vitro model systems. 3D models include culturing cancer cells in 3D collagen gels and tumor spheroid development and embedding in collagen gels in an attempt to mimic in vitro, the tumor growth that takes place at the real tumor setting. The ultimate goal is the determination of the molecular mechanism driving cancer cell metastasis in relation to extracellular matrix and the identification of novel potential metastasis biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Current Group Members
Past Group Members

Christiana Christou
MSc Thesis Title: Investigation of the effect of RSU1 silencing on basic apoptotic signaling pathways in breast cancer and glioblastoma cells.

Eleana Demetriou
MSc Thesis Title: Study of the role of RSU1 on ibuprofen-treated breast cancer cells: effects on proliferation, migration and invasion.

Constantina Solonos
MSc Thesis Title: Investigation of gene expression changes in breast cancer cells treated with aspirin.

Eleni Stylianou
MSc Thesis Title: Study of the role of RSU1 on aspirin-treated breast cancer cells: effects on proliferation, migration and invasion.
Lefteris Lakerides
Gioumie Christina Koskina
Katerina Kyriacou
Christiana Christou
Anna Spanopoulou
Publication from her BSc Thesis:
Spanopoulou A., and Gkretsi V*. (2020) Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) in cancer cell metastasis: from the cells to the patients. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 37(4):451-464. doi: 10.1007/s10585-020-10041-3
Katerina Tsirtsaki
Publication from her BSc Thesis:
Tsirtsaki K., and Gkretsi V. (2020) The focal adhesion protein Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) as an important player in breast cancer pathogenesis. Cell Adhesion and Migration 14(1):204-213. doi: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1829263
Georgiou Vasiliki
Publication from her BSc Thesis:
Georgiou V., and Gkretsi V. (2018) The role of Fibroblast Growth Factors and their receptors in gliomas; mutations involved Rev Neurosci, 2018 Oct 31, doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0051.
Research Grants
Completed
European Society for the Study of the Liver, 2012 EASL Sheila Sherlock award (October 2012-November 2014). Role: Principal investigator. Title: «The role of integrin-proximal protein complexes during hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis».
General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT), Action: NSFR (Protocol number: 12-11/09 #705, 07/01/2011-07/01/2014). Role: Principal investigator. Title: «Osteoarthritis: complete systematic analysis for targeted biologic therapy».
Selected Publications
- K. Tsirtsaki, V. Gkretsi. The focal adhesion protein Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) as an important player in breast cancer pathogenesis. Cell Adh Migr. 2020 14(1):204-213.
- M. Louca, T. Stylianopoulos, V. Gkretsi. Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) in cancer cell metastasis; a tale of a tumor suppressor. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 21(11):4076
- A. Spanopoulou, V. Gkretsi. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) in cancer cell metastasis: from the cells to the patients. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2020 37(4):451-464.
- M. Louca, A. Zaravinos, T. Stylianopoulos, V. Gkretsi. ILK silencing inhibits migration and invasion of more invasive glioblastoma cells by downregulating ROCK1 and Fascin-1. Mol Cell Biochem. 2020 471(1-2): 143-153.
- V. Gkretsi, A. Stylianou, M. Kalli, M. Louca, C. Voutouri, A. Zaravinos, T. Stylianopoulos. Silencing of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 promotes breast cancer cell invasion by downregulating focal adhesion genes. Anticancer Res. 2020 40 (3): 1375-1385.
- M. Louca, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Coordinated expression of Ras Suppressor 1 (RSU-1) and Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) determines glioma cell invasion. Cancers 2019 13;11(8). pii: E1159.
- V. Gkretsi, M. Kalli, C. Efstathiades, P. Papageorgis, V. Papanikolaou, L.C. Zacharia, A. Tsezou, E. Athanassiou, T. Stylianopoulos T. Depletion of Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) promotes cell invasion of breast cancer cells through a compensatory upregulation of a truncated isoform. Sci Rep. 2019 9(1):10050.
- M. Louca, A. Stylianou, A. Minia, V. Pliaka, LG. Alexopoulos, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Ras suppressor-1 (RSU-1) promotes cell iinvasion in aggressive glioma cells and inhibits it in non-aggressive cells through STAT6 phospho-regulation. Sci Rep. 2019 9 (1): 7782.
- A. Stylianou, V. Gkretsi, M. Louca, L.C. Zacharia, and T. Stylianopoulos T. Collagen content and extracellular matrix cause cytoskeletal remodelling in pancreatic fibroblasts. J. R. Soc. Interface. 2019 16 (154): 20190226.
- V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Metastasis: From Cell Adhesion and Beyond. (Editorial) Front Oncol. 2019 9: 214.
- V. Gkretsi V., M. Louca, A. Stylianou, G. Minadakis, G. Spyrou, T. Stylianopoulos. Inhibition of breast cancer cell invasion by Ras suppressor-1 (RSU-1) silencing is reversed by Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Int J Mol Sci. 2019. 4;20(1)
- V. Georgiou, V. Gkretsi V. The role of Fibroblast Growth Factors and their receptors in gliomas; mutations involved Rev Neurosci. 2018 Oct 31
- A. Stylianou, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Atomic Force Microscopy Nano-characterization of 3D collagen geks with tunable stiffness MethodsX. 2018 5, 503-513
- V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Cell adhesion and matrix stiffness: coordinating cancer cell invasion and metastasis Front Oncol. 2018 8, 145
- A. Stylianou, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos T. Transforming Growth Factor-β modulates pancreatic cancer associated fibroblasts cell shape, stiffness and invasion. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA - General Subjects). 2018 pii: S0304-4165(18)30051-5
- G. Papaparaskeva, C. Voutouri, V. Gkretsi, M. Achilleos, T. Stylianopoulos, T. Krasia-Christoforou. Tuning the Mechanical Properties of BIEE-crosslinked Semi-Interpenetrating, Double-Hydrophilic Hydrogels. Macromol Mater Eng. 2018 1700643
- M. Kalli, P. Papageorgis, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos T. Solid stress facilitates fibroblasts activation to promote pancreatic cancer cell migration Ann Biomed Eng. 2017 46 (5):657-669
- L.C. Zacharia, T. Stylianopoulos, V. Gkretsi. Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) in cancer cell metastasis: a friend or foe? Crit Rev Oncogenesis. 2017
- V. Gkretsi, L.C. Zacharia, T. Stylianopoulos. Targeting inflammation to improve tumor drug delivery Trends Cancer. 2017 3(9):621-630.
- V. Gkretsi, A. Stylianou, M. Louca, T. Stylianopoulos. Identification of Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) as a potential breast cancer metastasis biomarker using a three-dimensional in vitro approach Oncotarget. 2017 27364-27379.
- L.C. Zacharia, V. Gkretsi. The Ras suppressor-1 (RSU-1) in cancer. Adv Mod Oncol Res. 2017 3(S1)
- V. Gkretsi, A. Stylianou, T. Stylianopoulos. Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASP) depletion from breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells inhibits tumor spheroid invasion through downregulation of Migfilin, β-catenin and urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPA) Exp Cell Res. 2017 15;352(2):281-292
- C. Voutouri, C. Polydorou, P. Papageorgis, V. Gkretsi, T. Stylianopoulos. Swelling behavior of solid tumors, the contribution of extracellular matrix and cancer cells and implications for cancer therapy. Neoplasia. 2016 18; 732-741
- V. Gkretsi, DP. Bogdanos. Fascin-1 depletion from hepatocellular carcinoma cells inhibits Migfilin and Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein expression and enhances adhesion. Hepatoma Res. 2015 2016;2:42-6
- L.C. Zacharia, V. Gkretsi. Cancer cell metastasis; perspectives from the focal adhesions. Adv Mod Oncol Res. 2015 1;1
- V. Gkretsi, A. Stylianou, P. Papageorgis, C. Polydorou, T. Stylianopoulos. Remodeling the tumor microenvironment to enhance cancer therapy. Front Oncol. 2015 14;5:214
- KC. Tsolis, ES. Bei, I. Papathanasiou, F. Kostopoulou, V. Gkretsi, K. Kalantzaki, K. Malizos, M. Zervakis, A. Tsezou, A. Economou. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes in Osteoarthritis Clin Proteomics. 2015 12(1):12
- V. Gkretsi, DP. Bogdanos. Experimental evidence of Migfilin as a new therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Exp Cell Res. 2015 pii: S0014-4827(15)00087-7
- N. Giotopoulou, V. Valiakou, V. Papanikolaou, S. Dubos, R. Athanassiou, A. Tsezou, L.C. Zacharia, V. Gkretsi. Ras Suppressor-1 promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells by inhibiting PINCH-1 and activating p53-upregulated-modulator of apoptosis (PUMA); verification from metastatic breast cancer human samples. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2015 32(3):255-65
- V. Gkretsi, DP. Bogdanos. Elimination of Ras Suppressor-1 from hepatocellular carcinoma cells hinders their in vitro metastatic properties. Anticancer Res. 2015 35(3):1509-12.
- V. Gkretsi, V. Papanikolaou, L.C. Zacharia, E. Athanassiou, C. Wu, A. Tsezou. Mitogen-inducible gene 2 (MIG-2) and Migfilin Expression Is Reduced in Samples of Human Breast Cancer Anticancer Res. 2013 May;33(5):1977-81.
- V. Gkretsi, V. Papanikolaou, S. Dubos, I. Papathanasiou, N. Giotopoulou, V. Valiakou, C. Wu, K. Malizos, A. Tsezou. Migfilin’s elimination from osteoarthritic chondrocytes further promotes the osteoarthritic phenotype via β-catenin upregulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 11;430(2):494-9
- F. Kostopoulou, V. Gkretsi, K. Malizos, D. Iliopoulos, P. Oikonomou, A. Tsezou. Central role of SREBP2 in the pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis in humans. PLoS One. 2012 2012;7(5):e35753
- V. Gkretsi, T. Simopoulou, A. Tsezou. Lipid metabolism and osteoarthritis: lessons from atherosclerosis. Prog Lipid Res. 2011 50(2):133-40
- D. Iliopoulos, V. Gkretsi, A. Tsezou. Proteomics of Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes and Cartilage. Expert Rev Proteomics. 2010 7 (5): 749-760.
- U. Apte, V. Gkretsi, WC. Bowen, WM. Mars, JH. Luo, SP. Monga, C. Wu, GK. Michalopoulos. Enhanced liver regeneration following changes induced by hepatocyte-specific genetic ablation of integrin-linked kinase. Hepatology. 2009 50(3):844-851
- V. Gkretsi, C. Deltas, C. Yapijakis, K. Lamnissou. Screening for Familial Mediterranean Fever M694V and V726A mutations in the Greek population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2009 Jun;13(3):291-3
- V. Gkretsi, U. Apte, WM. Mars, WC. Bowen, JH. Luo, Y. Yang, YP. Yu, A. Orr, R. St.-Arnaud, S. Dedhar, KH. Kaestner, C. Wu, GK. Michalopoulos. Liver specific ablation of Integrin-Linked Kinase in mice results in abnormal histology, enhanced cell proliferation and hepatomegaly. Hepatology. 2008 48 (6), 1932-1941
- DJ. Papachristou, V. Gkretsi, UNM. Rao, GI. Papachristou, OA. Papaefthymiou, C. Wu, AG. Papavassiliou. Expression of Integrin-Linked Kinase and its binding partners in chondrosarcoma: association with prognosis. Eur J Cancer. 2008 44(16):2518-2525
- Y. Vasilopoulos, V. Gkretsi, M. Armaka, V. Aidinis, G. Kollias. Actin cytoskeleton dynamics linked to synovial fibroblast activation as a novel pathogenic principle in TNF-driven arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007 66, suppl_3.
- DJ. Papachristou, V. Gkretsi, Y. Tu, X. Shi, K. Chen, H. Larjava, UN. Rao, C. Wu. Increased cytoplasmic level of migfilin is associated with higher grades of human leiomyosarcoma, Histopathology. 2007 51, 499-508
- V. Gkretsi, WM. Mars, WC. Bowen, L. Barua, Y. Yang, L. Guo, R. St.-Arnaud, S. Dedhar, C. Wu, GK. Michalopoulos. Loss of Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) from mouse hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo results in apoptosis and hepatitis. Hepatology. 2007 45 (4), 1025-1034
- V. Gkretsi, WC. Bowen, Y. Yang, C. Wu, GK. Michalopoulos. Integrin-linked kinase is involved in matrix-induced hepatocyte differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 353, 638-643
- Y. Zhang, Y. Tu, V. Gkretsi, C. Wu. Migfilin interacts with Vasodilator-stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASP) and regulates VASP localization to cell-matrix adhesions and migration. J Biol Chem. 2006 281 (18), 12397-12407.
- V. Gkretsi, Y. Zhang, Y. Tu, K. Chen, D. Stolz, Y. Yang, SC. Watkins, C. Wu. Physical and functional association of migfilin with cell-cell adhesions. J Cell Sci. 2005 118 (4), 697-710
- M. Armaka, V. Gkretsi, D. Kontoyiannis, G. Kollias. A standardized protocol for the isolation and culture of normal and arthritogenic murine synovial fibroblasts. Nature Protocols. 2009 Protocol Exchange (2009)
Book chapters
- A. Stylianou, V. Gkretsi, A. Walter. Imaging Modalities for Biological and Preclinical Research: A compendium. IOP-IPEM ebook Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology. 2020
- A. Stylianou, V. Gkretsi, CS. Patrickios, T. Stylianopoulos. Exploring the Nanosurface of Collagenous and Other Fibrotic Tissues with AFM. Methods Molecular Biology. 2017 Vol. 1627, 453-489, Laure RittiÃ(c) (Eds): Fibrosis, 978-1-4939-7112-1, 416076_1_En, (29) In: Fibrosis: Methods and Protocols (Rittié L, ed), Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York
- J. Sepulveda, V. Gkretsi, C. Wu. Assembly and signaling of adhesion complexes. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2005 68, 183-225.
Full list of publications
Collaborators
- Dr. George Michalopoulos, Professor and Chairman of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Dr. Chuanyue Wu, Professor, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Dr. Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos, Associate Professor, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
- Dr. Lefteris Zacharia, Associate Professor, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
- Dr. Dimitrios Bogdanos, Professor, University of Thessaly Medical School, Greece
- Dr. Aspasia Tsezou, Professor, University of Thessaly Medical School, Greece
- Dr. Dionysios Papachristou, Professor, University of Patras Medical School
- Dr. George Spyrou, Head of the Bioinformatics Group, Cyprus Institute for Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus